Constituents and uses of Basil, Ocium basilicum
Constituents
Sweet basil contains a volatile oil (about 1%), which consists
principally of linalool and methyl chavicol, along with small quantities
of methyl cinnamate, cineole, and other terpenes. Relatively large
quantities and bisabolene, camphor, cryophyllene, geraniol, and ocimene in
smaller quantities influencing taste and action in the body.
Culinary Uses
- The green aromatic leaves are used fresh and dried as flavorings or
spices in sauces, stews, salad dressings, vegetables, poultry, vinegar,
confectionery products, and the liqueur chartreuse.
- Basil is most commonly associated with Italian and Thai cuisine.
- Infusions of the leaves can flavor oil or vinegar, and leaves can be
steeped for teas.
- The flowers and leaves are best used fresh and added only during the
last few minutes of cooking.
- Basil works well in combination with tomatoes. Finely chopped basil
stirred into mayonnaise makes a good sauce for fish
Medicinal Uses
- It is used as sedative.
- Basil has been used as a medicinal plant in treatment of headaches,
coughs, diarrhea, constipation, warts, worms, and kidney malfunctions.
- It has the ability to draw out poison from insect bites
- It is also thought to be an antispasmodic, stomachache, carminative,
stimulant and insect repellent.
- The oils of basil, especially the camphor-containing oil, have
antibacterial properties.
- It helps in promoting production of breast milk in nursing mothers.
Other Uses
- Basil in the bath is refreshing.
- Leaves and flowers can be dried for potpourri.
- Burn sprigs of basil on the barbecue to deter mosquitoes.
- A bunch of basil hung over the kitchen window or a pot of basil in
the windowsill will deter flies.