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Punica granatum

(Common name:- Pomegranate)

Classification

Punica granatum

History

Pomegranate is fruit bearing shrub, native to Iranian plateau but today it is found throughout the world including Armenia, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, turkey, north India, parts of south Asia, peninsular Malaysia, East Indies and Mediterranean and southern Europe and tropical Africa.

Punica granatum is largely produced fruit which is used as edible fruit and also oil is extracted from seeds commercially.

Plant Description

The leaves of punica are opposite, shiny, oblong and ranges upto 2-7 cm long and 2 cm broad.

Flowers are red in colour, having five petal and 3 cm in diameter.

The fruit is called pomegranate which is edible, big red in colour, round, 5-12 cm in diameter which contain thick, small, red coloured seeds.

Cultivation

Pomegranate is cultivated in most parts of India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Mediterranean regions.

Pomegranate is cultivated in typically from September to February in northern hemisphere and from March to May in southern hemisphere.

Parts Used

Fruit

Constituents

Vitamin C, potassium, antioxidant polyphenols, phytochemicals include polyphenols catechins, gallocatechins, and anthocyanins such as prodelphinidins, delphinidin, cyanidin, andpelargonidin

Uses

Pomegranate is luxurious edible fruit and is quite expensive to purchase. Usually the seeds of pomegranate are scooped out and eaten.

The red arils are sweet and sharp and possibly eaten raw as fruit, or in the form of juice.

Pomegranate seeds have many health benefits also apart from edible uses as juice of pomegranate is thought to be effective in heart disease.

The extracts of pomegranate are anti-bacterial due to which it is recommended to have pomegranate seeds or juice in viral infections and dental plague.

Clinical studies on pomegranate show that it is good in the treatment of prostate cancer, prostatic hyperlasia, diabetes, and common cold coronary artery disease and brain injuries.

Names